The Role of Maritime Transportation in Improving Logistics Efficiency and Regional Economic Competitiveness in Indonesia: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63208/210113-653Keywords:
Logistics Costs, Maritime Connectivity, Maritime Transportation Economics, Port Efficiency, Trade Competitiveness.Abstract
Maritime transportation plays a strategic role in supporting trade, goods distribution, and economic connectivity in Indonesia as an archipelagic country. However, its economic effectiveness faces challenges related to port efficiency, transportation costs, interregional connectivity, infrastructure, technology, and human resource quality. This study analyzes the role of maritime transportation in supporting economic activities and identifies factors influencing the efficiency and competitiveness of Indonesian trade. Using a qualitative literature review, it examines academic articles, government publications, and reports from UNCTAD, the World Bank, OECD, and BPS. The findings indicate that port efficiency reduces logistics costs and improves distribution reliability, while effective maritime connectivity expands market access and promotes balanced regional economic development. Conversely, high transportation costs, infrastructure disparities, limited hinterland connectivity, and disruptions to global shipping networks undermine trade competitiveness. Digitalization and improved human resource quality support productivity and system resilience. The study concludes that strengthening maritime transportation economics requires an integrated approach involving improved port productivity, expanded connectivity, logistics cost control, digitalization, and enhanced human resource capacity.
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