Author Guidelines

The Article General Guidelines

  1. The article is an authentic research result that has NEVER been published in any other publication media or publishing houses, either in printed or electronic form.
  2. The article does not contain any elements of plagiarism, including self-plagiarism. The editorial board will directly reject the article that indicates plagiarism.
  3. The submission and publication processes are free, without additional fees.
  4. The article that has been written under the guidelines of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Review (LDI) (in MS Word format or using an article template) shall be submitted through the Online Submission System using the Open Journal System (OJS) on the LDI e-journal portal (https://iacs.co.id/ldi/). Then, register as the author in the Register.
  5. The article template can be downloaded and is available in MS Word (.docx). Authors must write directly on the template file and must not create new styles, fonts, or spacing of their own.
  6. The article, inappropriate with the LDI writing guidelines, will be returned to the author before the review.
  7. The article structure follows the LDI template and consists of: title; authors' names and affiliations; abstract and keywords; introduction; literature review; research method; results and discussion; conclusion; acknowledgement (if any); declaration of conflicting interests; data availability statement; author ORCID iDs; and references.
  8. The article should be written in English with correct and consistent grammar. Authors for whom English is not their native language are encouraged to have their articles checked before submission for grammar and clarity. The language must be inclusive and free from bias, following the APA guidelines for bias-free language. Non-English words must be written in italics and must not be placed in quotation marks ("…"); authors are advised to follow standard transliteration guidelines. The article should contain 6000–8000 words, including pictures and tables.
  9. The body of the article is written as follows:
  • The article is written on A4-sized paper, with margins of 2.54 cm (1 inch) on all four sides: top, bottom, left, and right.
  • The body text uses Times New Roman 13 points, single line spacing, justified alignment, with a first-line indent of 0.78 cm for every paragraph. No blank line is inserted after a heading or between paragraphs, and no spacing before or after the paragraph is added.
  • Foreign terms should be written in italics.
  • Abbreviations should be followed with an explanation when first mentioned, except for the unit of measurement.
  • Tables are placed within the body of the text (not appended at the end of the manuscript) and are centred on the page. The table title is placed above the table and centred, using Calibri 11 points with single line spacing; the label (e.g., “Table 1.”) is written in bold and the caption in regular type. The source and notes are placed below the table, centred and italic, in Calibri 11 points, with the word “Source:” in bold italic. Tables are numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals (Table 1, Table 2).
  • Figures may be a graph, matrix, picture, diagram, or similar, and are placed centred within the body of the text. The source is written directly beneath the figure in italic Calibri 10 points, and the figure caption is placed below the source, centred, in Calibri 10 points, with the label (e.g., “Figure 1.”) in bold and the caption in regular type. Figures are numbered separately from tables using Arabic numerals (Figure 1, Figure 2). The figure must have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi with the extension .jpg or .tif so that the print quality is adequate. Figures and tables reproduced from previously published works must be accompanied by written permission from the original publisher or copyright holder.
  • Guidelines for Heading:
    • Section heading (level 1): numbered with an Arabic numeral followed by a vertical bar, e.g., “1. | INTRODUCTION”. Written in UPPERCASE, bold, Calibri 14 points, left-aligned, with 6 points spacing before and after and no first-line indent.
    • Sub-heading (level 2): Sentence case, bold, Calibri 13 points, left-aligned, with 2 points spacing before and 0 points after, and no first-line indent. Sub-headings are not numbered.
    • Further heading levels (level 3 and below) are not used.
  1. Please fill in your CV and Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing Form, then attach it when submitting the article.

The Article Body Guidelines

Title
Article titles should be specific, effective, and reflect the content of your text. A good title is no more than 15 words. Please avoid using unusual formulas and abbreviations.

Author(s)
Full names (all) of the authors must be written accurately without including any titles. Please ensure that the author’s last name is not abbreviated. Mark each author with a numeric superscript to indicate their affiliation, country of origin, and contacts. A brief biography (no more than 100 words) can be added. Make it clear who will handle correspondence at all stages and in the publication process. Ensure the email address and contact details provided are kept up to date by the concerned author.

Abstract
The abstract is not an introduction or conclusion, so it should briefly and unequivocally state the research objectives, methods, main results, and conclusions. It consists of 200-250 words in a single paragraph consistently. It must be able to provide a strong and comprehensive description of the manuscript’s contents and how important the article is.

Keywords
Keywords consist of 4 - 6 specific words or phrases related to the discussed theme. Avoid common terms, plurals, conjunctions, and abbreviations, if possible.

Content

  1. Original article

Manuscripts submitted to this journal should have main headings in the form of an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion, reference.

Introduction. It should briefly place the study in its broad context and highlight why it is important. It should define the purpose of the work and its significance. The specific hypothesis being tested can be presented.
- Methodology. The methods and procedures used in new research should be described in detail to allow other researchers to imitate or duplicate them. Meanwhile, established methods can be adequately described and quoted appropriately.

- Results. and Discussion: It provides a concise and precise description of the test results, interpretations, and conclusions that can be drawn. Presentations using tables and illustrations can enrich the presentation. 

The author should present the significance of the results and not just repeat them. It allows the reader to assess the analysis and interpretation carried out and why and then can confirm or reject the conclusions. 
- Conclusion. Important points of the study are emphasized here but not to replicate the abstract. Suggestions for further research, flaws, and limitations of the study should be presented.

  1. Conceptual or review article

- Introduction.

- Discussion (with sub-subtitle discussion as needed).

- Conclusion.

Headings
Please use standard headings to help readers navigate the manuscript quickly. Using numbers sequentially can help with navigation.

Artwork
All artwork or illustrations (graphics, diagrams, line drawings, web pages/screenshots, still images, etc.) must be ensured that they do not infringe copyright and are presented in good format and adequate resolution (for the sake of the printed version). Ensure that the data presented in it do not duplicate the results described elsewhere in the article. Please send the table as editable text (in .doc, .rtf, or Excel format) and not as an image. Use a font between 9 and 10 pt for tables and other possible illustrations.

Abbreviation
Ensure abbreviations throughout the article consistency. Acronyms with more than four letters are written in lowercase except for the first letter. Abbreviations are written in capital letters. They should be mentioned at the beginning of the article.

Nomenclature
Please follow the rules and conventions according to the international system of units (SI). If another equation is mentioned, give its equivalent in SI (https://www.bipm.org/en/measurement-units/).

Appendix
If there is more than one appendix, please label each with a capital letter (e.g., Appendix A, Appendix B). Each appendix should have an appropriate title.

Acknowledgment
Explain the role of all those who provided financial support for your research and/or prepared the article, and briefly describe the role of the sponsor, if any, in the research design; in data collection, analysis and interpretation; in writing reports; and in the decision to submit articles for publication. Acknowledgments are organized in a separate section at the end of the article before references.

Conflict of Interest

Authors must identify and state any circumstances or personal interests that could be deemed to influence the representation or interpretation of the reported research results.

Reference
This journal uses footnote citations in The Chicago Manual of Style. The reference list should be arranged in alphabetical order. More than one reference from the same author in the same year must be identified with the letters’ a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, and placed, without spaces, after the year of publication. Please ensure that any references cited in the text are also in the reference list and vice versa.

Examples of writing citations and reference lists

  1. Book

Notes

  1. Zadie Smith, Swing Time(New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315–16.
  2. Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman, A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015), 12.

Shortened notes

  1. Smith, Swing Time, 320.
  2. Grazer and Fishman, Curious Mind, 37.

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

Grazer, Brian, and Charles Fishman. A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015.

Smith, Zadie. Swing Time. New York: Penguin Press, 2016.

 

  1. Chapter or other part of an edited book

In a note, cite specific pages. In the bibliography, include the page range for the chapter or part.

Note

  1. Henry David Thoreau, “Walking,” in The Making of the American Essay, ed. John D’Agata (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 177–78.

Shortened note

  1. Thoreau, “Walking,” 182.

Bibliography entry

Thoreau, Henry David. “Walking.” In The Making of the American Essay, edited by John D’Agata, 167–95. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.

 

  1. Journal article

In a note, cite specific page numbers. In the bibliography, include the page range for the whole article. For articles consulted online, include a URL or the name of the database. Many journal articles list a DOI (Digital Object Identifier). A DOI forms a permanent URL that begins https://doi.org/. This URL is preferable to the URL that appears in your browser’s address bar.

Notes

  1. Susan Satterfield, “Livy and the Pax Deum,” Classical Philology111, no. 2 (April 2016): 170.
  2. Shao-Hsun Keng, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem, “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, 1978–2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality,” Journal of Human Capital11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 9–10, https://doi.org/10.1086/690235.
  3. Peter LaSalle, “Conundrum: A Story about Reading,” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95, Project MUSE.

Shortened notes

  1. Satterfield, “Livy,” 172–73.
  2. Keng, Lin, and Orazem, “Expanding College Access,” 23.
  3. LaSalle, “Conundrum,” 101.

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

Keng, Shao-Hsun, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem. “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, 1978–2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality.” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1086/690235.

LaSalle, Peter. “Conundrum: A Story about Reading.” New England Review 38, no. 1 (2017): 95–109. Project MUSE.

Satterfield, Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 165–76.

Journal articles often list many authors, especially in the sciences. If there are four or more authors, list up to ten in the bibliography; in a note, list only the first, followed by et al. (“and others”). For more than ten authors (not shown here), list the first seven in the bibliography, followed by et al.

Note

  1. Rachel A. Bay et al., “Predicting Responses to Contemporary Environmental Change Using Evolutionary Response Architectures,” American Naturalist189, no. 5 (May 2017): 465, https://doi.org/10.1086/691233.

Shortened note

  1. Bay et al., “Predicting Responses,” 466.

Bibliography entry

Bay, Rachael A., Noah Rose, Rowan Barrett, Louis Bernatchez, Cameron K. Ghalambor, Jesse R. Lasky, Rachel B. Brem, Stephen R. Palumbi, and Peter Ralph. “Predicting Responses to Contemporary Environmental Change Using Evolutionary Response Architectures.” American Naturalist 189, no. 5 (May 2017): 463–73. https://doi.org/10.1086/691233.

 

  1. Thesis or dissertation

Note

  1. Cynthia Lillian Rutz, “King Learand Its Folktale Analogues” (PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2013), 99–100.

Shortened note

  1. Rutz, “King Lear,” 158.

Bibliography entry

Rutz, Cynthia Lillian. “King Lear and Its Folktale Analogues.” PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2013.

 

  1. Website content

It is often sufficient simply to describe web pages and other website content in the text (“As of May 1, 2017, Yale’s home page listed . . .”). If a more formal citation is needed, it may be styled like the examples below. For a source that does not list a date of publication or revision, include an access date (as in example note 2).

Notes

  1. “Privacy Policy,” Privacy & Terms, Google, last modified April 17, 2017, https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.
  2. “About Yale: Yale Facts,” Yale University, accessed May 1, 2017, https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.
  3. Katie Bouman, “How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole,” filmed November 2016 at TEDxBeaconStreet, Brookline, MA, video, 12:51, https://www.ted.com/talks/katie_bouman_what_does_a_black_hole_look_like.

Shortened notes

  1. Google, “Privacy Policy.”
  2. “Yale Facts.”
  3. Bouman, “Black Hole.”

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

Bouman, Katie. “How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole.” Filmed November 2016 at TEDxBeaconStreet, Brookline, MA. Video, 12:51. https://www.ted.com/talks/katie_bouman_what_does_a_black_hole_look_like.

Google. “Privacy Policy.” Privacy & Terms. Last modified April 17, 2017. https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.

Yale University. “About Yale: Yale Facts.” Accessed May 1, 2017. https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.