The Impact of Venture Capital on Growth via Innovation and Internet Technology Adoption in Indonesia’s Micro And Small Industries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63208/21014-718Keywords:
venture capital, growth, innovation, use of internet technologyAbstract
One of the major challenges faced by Micro and Small Industries (MSIs) is access to financing. Venture capital serves as a potential solution to address capital constraints by offering both financial and non-financial support. This study aims to examine the effect of venture capital on the growth of MSIs in Indonesia, with innovation and internet technology serving as mediating variables. The research utilized survey data from Statistics Indonesia (2019), comprising a sample of 83,616 MSIs. The analysis employed logistic regression using STATA and the Sobel test to assess mediation effects. The findings indicate that venture capital has a positive, albeit statistically insignificant, direct effect on MSI growth. However, innovation was found to significantly mediate the relationship between venture capital and growth, whereas internet technology did not exhibit a mediating effect. These results suggest that venture capital fosters innovation, which in turn contributes to business growth
References
Adam, N. A., & Alarifi, G. (2021). Innovation practices for survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the COVID-19 times: The role of external support. Journal of innovation and entrepreneurship, 10(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00156-6
Akomea-Bonsu, C., & Sampong, F. (2012). The impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana, West Africa. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(20), 152-158.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Profil industri mikro dan kecil 2019. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2020/11/16/db2fdf158825afb80a113b6a/profil-industri-mikro-dan-kecil-2019.html. Accessed 3 September 2022.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Jumlah perusahaan menurut 2-digit KBLI [Data statistik]. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/170/447/1/jumlah-perusahaan-menurut-2-digit-kbli.html. Accessed 3 September 2022.
Belke, A. H., Fehn, R., & Foster-McGregor, N. (2003). Does venture capital investment spur employment growth? Available at SSRN 400200 (Cesifo Working Paper No. 930 Category 4: Labour Markets). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.400200
Bertoni, F., Colombo, M. G., & Grilli, L. (2011). Venture capital financing and the growth of high-tech start-ups: Disentangling treatment from selection effects. Research policy, 40(7), 1028-1043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.03.008
Biney, C. (2018). The impact of venture capital financing on SMEs growth and development in Ghana. Business and Economics Journal, 9(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6219.1000370
Bottazzi, L., & Da Rin, M. (2002). Venture capital in Europe and the financing of innovative companies. Economic policy, 17(34), 229-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0327.00088
Bui, A. T., Pham, T. P., Pham, L. C., & Van Ta, T. K. (2021). Legal and financial constraints and firm growth: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) versus large enterprises. Heliyon, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08576
Du, J., & Cai, Z. Q. (2020). The impact of venture capital on the growth of small‐and medium‐sized enterprises in agriculture. Journal of Chemistry, 2020(1), 2328171. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2328171
Engel, D. (2002). The impact of venture capital on firm growth: An empirical investigation (ZEW Discussion Paper No. 02-02). ZEW – Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.319322
Engel, D., & Keilbach, M. (2007). Firm-level implications of early stage venture capital investment An empirical investigation. Journal of empirical finance, 14(2), 150-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2006.03.004
Faria, A. P., & Barbosa, N. (2014). Does venture capital really foster innovation?. Economics Letters, 122(2), 129-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2013.11.014
Freeman, C. (2004). Technological infrastructure and international competitiveness. Industrial and Corporate Change, 13(3), 541-569. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dth022
Frimpong, F. A., Akwaa-Sekyi, E. K., & Saladrigues, R. (2022). Venture capital healthcare investments and health care sector growth: A panel data analysis of Europe. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(2), 388-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.06.008
Gohar, F., Iftikhar, T., & Siddiq, A. (2020). Established SMEs growth: Exploring firms and innovation. Journal of Innovative Research in Management Sciences, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.62270/jirms.vi.27
Gornall, W., & Strebulaev, I. A. (2021). The economic impact of venture capital: Evidence from public companies. Available at SSRN 2681841. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2681841
Greenwood, Jeremy, Pengfei Han, and Juan M. Sánchez. 2022. Venture Capital: A Catalyst for Innovation and Growth. Econpapers 104: 120–30. Available online: https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:fip:fedlrv:93937 . Accessed 2 July 2022.
Hall, B. H., Lotti, F., & Mairesse, J. (2009). Innovation and productivity in SMEs: Empirical evidence for Italy. Small business economics, 33(1), 13-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9135-3
Harrison, R. T., Yohanna, B., & Pierrakis, Y. (2020). Internationalisation and localisation: Foreign venture capital investments in the United Kingdom. Local Economy, 35(3), 230-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094220924344
Haynes, G. W., & Brown, J. R. (2009). How strong is the link between internal finance and small firm growth? Evidence from the Survey of Small Business Finances. In Small business in focus: Finance (pp. 69–82). U.S. Small Business Administration.
Hellmann, T., & Puri, M. (2000). The interaction between product market and financing strategy: The role of venture capital. The review of financial studies, 13(4), 959-984. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/13.4.959
Hochberg, Y. V., Ljungqvist, A., & Lu, Y. (2007). Whom you know matters: Venture capital networks and investment performance. The journal of finance, 62(1), 251-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01207.x
Keuschnigg, C., & Nielsen, S. B. (2004). Start-ups, venture capitalists, and the capital gains tax. Journal of Public Economics, 88(5), 1011–1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(03)00046-X
Kortum, S., & Lerner, J. (2000). Assessing the contribution of venture capital to innovation. RAND journal of Economics, 674-692. https://doi.org/10.2307/2696354
Large, D., & Muegge, S. (2008). Venture capitalists’ non-financial value-added: An evaluation of the evidence and implications for research. Venture Capital, 10(1), 21–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691060701605488
Memba, S. F., Gakure, W. R., & Karanja, K. (2012). Venture capital (VC): Its impact on growth of small and medium enterprises in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(6), 32-38.
Mirza, A., & Sabah, F. (2018). Role of Venture Capital as a Source of Finance for Small and Medium Enterprises in Afghanistan. An Investigation. Kardan Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 1, 1-32. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3280251
Mwangi, M. S., & Namusonge, M. J. (2014). Influence of innovation on small and medium enterprise (SME) growth: A case of garment manufacturing industries in Nakuru County. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 2(5), 31–41. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss5.182
OECD. (2017). Entrepreneurship at a glance 2017. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/entrepreneur_aag-2017-en
Onileowo, T. T., & Fasiku, A. I. (2021). The concept and application of ICT on SMEs performance in Nigeria: limitation and challenges. E-Academia Journal, 10(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.24191/eaj.v10i1.12368
Peneder, M. (2010). The impact of venture capital on innovation behaviour and firm growth. Venture Capital, 12(2), 83-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691061003643250
Penrose, E. T. (2009). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–230.
Popov, A., & Roosenboom, P. (2012). Venture capital and patented innovation: evidence from Europe. Economic Policy, 27(71), 447-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2012.00290.x
Pradhan, R. P., Arvin, M. B., Nair, M., & Bennett, S. E. (2020). Sustainable economic growth in the European Union: The role of ICT, venture capital, and innovation. Review of Financial Economics, 38(1), 34-62.https://doi.org/10.1002/rfe.1064
Pradhan, R. P., Arvin, M. B., Nair, M., Bennett, S. E., & Bahmani, S. (2019). Short-term and long-term dynamics of venture capital and economic growth in a digital economy: A study of European countries. Technology in Society, 57, 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.11.002
Pradhan, R. P., Arvin, M. B., Nair, M., Bennett, S. E., Bahmani, S., & Hall, J. H. (2018). Endogenous dynamics between innovation, financial markets, venture capital and economic growth: Evidence from Europe. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 45, 15-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2018.01.002
Preacher, K. J., & Leonardelli, G. J. (2001). Calculation for the Sobel test: An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests. Quantpsy. https://quantpsy.org/sobel/sobel.htm
Republik Indonesia. 2008. Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2008 Tentang Usaha Mikro, Kecil Dan Menengah. Available online: https://jdih.bumn.go.id/lihat/UU%20Nomor%2020%20Tahun%202008. Aaccessed 5 September 2022.
Shao, Y., & Sun, L. (2021). Entrepreneurs’ social capital and venture capital financing. Journal of Business Research, 136, 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.005
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological methodology, 13, 290-312. https://doi.org/10.2307/270723
Sofia, M., Pratiwi, R. A. I., Tan, F., Bachtiar, N., Putra, F. P., & Hidayat, M. (2021). Modal Ventura Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Ekonomika, 11(2), 159–166. https://doi.org/10.37859/jae.v11i2.2775
Tarutė, A., & Gatautis, R. (2014). ICT impact on SMEs performance. Procedia-social and behavioral Sciences, 110, 1218-1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.968
Timmons, J. A., & Bygrave, W. D. (1986). Venture capital's role in financing innovation for economic growth. Journal of Business venturing, 1(2), 161-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(86)90012-1
Ueda, M., & Hirukawa, M. (2008). Venture capital and industrial'innovation'. Available at SSRN 1242693. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1242693
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


